I guess so, I remember a teacher telling me quite a few major mammal basically went extinct due to shows in Rome.
Just not sure that claim is provable, people in the past probably wouldn't be bothered to document animal cruelty, nowadays, with the number of people in the world, the number that need to be fed, the mass production of food makes for some pretty sick circumstances for animals that are probably worse then anything in history, just because of the sheer industrial efficiency of the process.
As far as sports entertainment involving animals, probably.