Not to derail the thread too much, but the composition of the biblical texts are probably much more political than anything else, certainly no proof of divine involvement. Supposedly
Hilkiah found a "Book of the Law"(identified by Rashi as Deuteronomy, though some scholars think it might have been what they call the legendary Deuteronomistic History) early in Josiah's temple renovation. Supposedly, the scroll passed from this Hilkiah to Josiah. Scholars generally believe this scroll was an early precursor of the Torah written by the priests to help centralize power under Josiah in Jerusalem.
Three, problems with that theory:
1. Again, what did Josiah tell the people to explain where this ultra-important book had been? Remember it claims to have been written centuries earlier.
2. If the priests wrote it, why would they put in the fact that they would own no land?
3. If it was meant to centralize power in Jerusalem, why isn't the City mentioned in the Torah.
Where are the extra-biblical witness accounts at least attempting to document these "miracles"? .
The Ipuwer Papyrus dating from the end of the Middle Kingdom, was found in Egypt. It was taken to the Leiden Museum in Holland and interpreted by A.H. Gardiner in 1909. The complete papyrus can be found in the book
Admonitions of an Egyptian from a heiratic papyrus in Leiden. The papyrus describes violent upheavals in Egypt, starvation, drought, escape of slaves (with the wealth of the Egyptians), and death throughout the land.
Here are some parallels to the Bible:
IPUWER PAPYRUS:
Plague is throughout the land. Blood is everywhere. 2:10 The river is blood.
2:10 Men shrink from tasting - human beings, and thirst after water
3:10-13 That is our water! That is our happiness! What shall we do in respect thereof? All is ruin.
BIBLE- EXODUS
7:20 …all the waters of the river were turned to blood. 7:21 ...there was blood throughout all the land of Egypt …and the river stank.
7:24 And all the Egyptians dug around the river for water to drink; for they could not drink of the water of the river.
IPUWER PAPYRUS:
2:10 Forsooth, gates, columns and walls are consumed by fire. 10:3-6 Lower Egypt weeps... The entire palace is without its revenues. To it belong [by right] wheat and barley, geese and fish
6:3 Forsooth, grain has perished on every side.
5:12 Forsooth, that has perished which was yesterday seen. The land is left over to its weariness like the cutting of flax.
BIBLE- EXODUS
9:23-24 ...and the fire ran along the ground... there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous. 9:25 ...and the hail smote every herb of the field, and broke every tree of the field.
9:31-32 ...and the flax and the barley was smitten; for the barley was in season, and flax was ripe.
But the wheat and the rye were not smitten; for they were not grown up.
10:15 ...there remained no green things in the trees, or in the herbs of the fields, through all the land of Egypt.
IPUWER PAPYRUS:
5:5 All animals, their hearts weep. Cattle moan... 9:2-3 Behold, cattle are left to stray, and there is none to gather them together.
BIBLE- EXODUS
9:3 ...the hand of the Lord is upon thy cattle which is in the field... and there shall be a very grievous sickness. 9:19 ...gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field...
9:21 And he that did not fear the word of the Lord left his servants and cattle in the field.
IPUWER PAPYRUS:
9:11 The land is without light
BIBLE- EXODUS
10:22 And there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt.
IPUWER PAPYRUS:
6:12 Forsooth, the children of princes are cast out in the streets.
6:3 The prison is ruined.
2:13 He who places his brother in the ground is everywhere.
3:14 It is groaning throughout the land, mingled with lamentations
BIBLE- EXODUS
12:29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the Lord smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive that was in the prison. 12:30 ...there was not a house where there was not one dead.
12:30 ...there was a great cry in Egypt.
IPUWER PAPYRUS:
3:2 Gold and lapis lazuli, silver and malachite, carnelian and bronze... are fastened on the neck of female slaves.
BIBLE- EXODUS
12:35-36 ...and they requested from the Egyptians, silver and gold articles and clothing. And God made the Egyptians favour them and they granted their request. [The Israelites] thus drained Egypt of its wealth.