Producers buy a project on a title, a blurb and an image
The film side is just a hobby. the comic is the real job
Mark Millar Interview
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TIME MAY slow, stretch and even rewind in the world of comic-book superheroes, but in ours its passage is measured and boringly linear. So not even Kryptonite can stop Superman clocking up 70 of our earth years this month, or prevent Batman reaching the same milestone next May. Even their younger, sassier cohorts are now well into their 40s. Age shall not wither them on the page - nor even fray their Spandex suits - but in the real world they no longer have the appeal they once did. All of which raises the question: when does it come time to retire a superhero?
For Glasgow-based comic book writer Mark Millar, who has worked with these and many other characters over the years, the answer is: now. The older superheroes are reaching the end of their useful life, he thinks, and need to make way for a younger generation which is less two-dimensional and more human.
"It's sad, because I love those characters, but it's over really. Batman's hanging on - just - because they've got a brilliant team of people working on it. But the last Batman film Christopher Nolan's Batman Begins didn't do even a third of the business that Tim Burton's 1989 one did. It just didn't have the same cultural impact."
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The characters created by New York-based Marvel Comics in the 1960s - titles such as Spider‑Man, The Fantastic Four, Hulk and The X‑Men - are all still doing well in print, and some of them, Spider-Man in particular, have succesfully made the transition from page to screen. But, adds Millar, when it comes to making that all-important leap: "Marvel know they're down to the B-list characters now, and so do the film studios."
A film version of Iron Man has just been released starring Robert Downey Jr, and is doing well at the box office, but few people had even heard of the character a month ago. Meanwhile Thor, another relatively minor Marvel character, is also being prepared for the screen. Trainspotting's Kevin McKidd is one of the names rumoured to be in the frame for the title role.
This glut of comic book-based films will continue for some years, with Spider-Man 4 due out in 2009 and Iron Man 2 the year after. But Millar, who worked as executive producer on Iron Man, sees the wave peaking around 2013. After that, the 1960s creations will have had their day and Hollywood film producers will be bringing new characters to the screen. Given the four-to-five-year gestation period of a blockbuster movie, that means they are already vying for the next big thing.
Ready to give it to them are people like Mark Millar, with such characters as The Killer, Kick-Ass and - wait for it - ****head.
"What producers do now is snap up material before others can get their hands on it," says the 38-year-old. "They'll buy a project based on just a title, a blurb and an image." And if they smell what the business calls "high concept", they will go into a feeding frenzy.
Millar should know, having sold the film rights to his comic book series Wanted before the first edition was even in the shops. That was in 2004. The screen version is released this week and stars Scottish actor James McAvoy alongside Hollywood A-listers Angelina Jolie and Morgan Freeman. McAvoy plays Wesley Gibson, a downtrodden twentysomething who is first horrified and then delighted to learn that the father he never knew was actually a member of a supervillain fraternity with the alter-ego of The Killer. ****head is the sidekick of rival villain Dr Rictus, though sadly he doesn't make the screen version.
Then there's Kick-Ass, another Millar creation. It was only published in April but it too is being turned into a film, with Matthew Vaughn directing. Millar is keeping tight-lipped about the film's casting - "It's two huge names, though. One's an old actor from the 1970s and one's a cool, young one" - but says filming begins in New York in a couple of months.
Finally there's War Heroes, a new comic to be published later this month. Millar describes it as Full Metal Jacket meets The X-Men and says he's already had two offers to buy the film rights.
"It's set a couple of years in the future. John McCain has just won the election and the war in the Gulf is getting bigger, so they give the troops superpower pills. That gets all the young American kids signing up to fight the Iraqis."
Millar's friend Frank Miller is another whose characters have been propelled into our cinemas. His comic series Sin City was filmed in 2005 and starred Bruce Willis, Rosario Dawson and Benicio del Toro among others. In 2007 his comic 300, which told the story of the Battle of Thermopylae from the point of view of the Spartans, came to the screen with Gerard Butler, another Scottish actor, playing the Spartan king Leonidas. As fast as they can write them, Hollywood seems ready to devour them "Everything gets optioned, even the absolute rubbish," says Millar. "There are hundreds of books out every month, and a lot of them are new books, but anything gets optioned just in case it looks any good. Of course, that means it can lie for years with nothing being done to it."
The great boon for creators like Mark Millar is that he owns the rights to his characters under his own company, Millarworld. Given the kudos attached to his name and the hunger in Hollywood for good new material, he stands to make a considerable amount of money over the next few years as producers fight over his work. But, he warns, there are dangers in trying to second-guess the market.
"You lose the things that made you different in the first place. Any time I write something I do it primarily for myself. If something entertains me, then hopefully it will entertain other people.
"I know my stuff probably will be bought as a film and that's a lovely position to be in, but I see the film side as just a hobby, not the real job. A film is something that's done with 300 other people. The comic is just me and the artist. It's more personal."
Millar is currently writing The Fantastic Four and Wolverine for Marvel and the company have asked him to re-vamp The X-Men next year. Naturally they want to hang on to one of their star writers, even as he issues warnings about their stable's long-term health. Will he stay?
"I had been planning to drift off from them because of these opportunities that are happening now with my own characters. To me that seems like the future now. The idea of doing the characters I loved as a kid is incredibly satisfying, but I also think it would be nice to add some new stuff to the pot."
In the immediate future the lure of the old stuff is too strong, however, and Millar has signed up for another two years' work. After that, the new stuff is where his heart is.
The world has turned, then, and the superheroes of the 20th century find their powers diminishing. Superman, Batman, Spider-Man and the rest will soon cede the field to newcomers who are already swirling around in the popular consciousness. Which of them will become the defining superheroes of the 21st century? It's too early to tell. But whoever it is, let's hope they wear their pants inside their trousers.
Wanted, based on Mark Millar's comic book series, is out on Wednesday
THE MIGHTY THOR
Real name: Thor, son of Odin, brother of Loki etc
First sighting: 1962
Backstory: Blond Norse god wearing special belt cracks heads with war hammer called Mjolnir
Marvel nearly went bankrupt in the late 1990s, so you could say they had nothing to lose when they trusted me to reinvent Thor along with Iron Man, Captain America and The Hulk.
Thor has worked out now, but he was always one of those characters who was never A-list, like the Fantastic Four or Spiderman. He was always one of those characters who never quite hit the 
big time.
What was obvious to me when they asked me to reinvent him was that nobody had any identification with him, because he was clearly a god and spoke in that faux-Shakespearean voice. So I tried to humanise him. I made him a guy who is a real person, living in the real world, who has a nervous breakdown and then thinks he's the son of Odin.
"From then on he becomes an environmental campaigner and a conspiracy theorist, and we as the readers don't even know if he's the real deal or not. I based him on David Icke.
I put Thor and the other characters in one book called The Ultimates, and that's formed the basis of the movies. Captain America, Ironman and Hulk have all come from that. Now there's a Thor movie in the works which will probably be out in early 2010. It will be interesting to see how it does in the wake of Lord Of The Rings and all those fantasy films."
SUPERMAN
Real name: Kal-El, also known as Clark Kent
First sighting: 1938
Back story: Infant from planet Krypton lands in Kansas, is adopted and raised as Earth boy, then dons cape to defend humanity and fight evil.
"I grew up wanting to write Superman more than anything in the world. It was my biggest influence and I love it. I have Christopher Reeve's cape hanging in my hall, I'm so into it.
"The Superman story I wrote a few years ago was called Superman: Red Son. The premise was: what if Superman's rocket had landed in the Soviet Union instead of America when he was a baby? What if, instead of growing up believing in truth, justice and the American way, he grew up believing in Stalin and the Five-Year Plan?
"That what if?' theme is one that runs through all my work.
"We think of characters like Superman having always been there, because we grew up with them, but fashions do change. Today, though, I can just see kids' eyes glazing over when they look at Superman. There's nothing there except nostalgia.
"The way these things tend to go is like a parabolic curve. Something starts in print, then it goes on to television, then it reaches its zenith with merchandising and movies and reaches a mass mainsteam audience. Then it starts to go down again. I think Superman has gone through that in terms of its popular appeal.
"I was in Tesco with my family one day and all the kids were playing with these Pirates Of The Caribbean toys. Nobody was even looking at the Superman stuff. Even that costume seems to belong to another era. That was when it really struck me that Superman's time has passed."