I would say Nolan expanded on concepts , or used concepts for slight plot points that the Burton and Schumacer films touched . Here are a few parralleles
-Joker asking Batman to unmask: In this case though , it wasn't the climax of TDK but just an attempt to draw Batman out .
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Joker Falling: In this case its used as an example of why Batman wont kill as opposed to Keaton's murderous Batman
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I Believe in Harvey Dent: In B89 we get a sense of him wanting to change Gotham , but his whole storyline pretty much falls by the wasteside and is kinda in the background anyway. Nolan uses it as a centerpiece of TDK
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Two Face: While Tommy Lee Jones ,had more time as Two Face , the character feels far more fleshed out and dangerous in TDK. He also has the audience sympathies and his motivations make much more sense
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I'm Batman : Pretty much the same except he does it to the guy who runs Gotham as opposed to some two bit thugs.
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I bought it in Japan...-We get a sense Bruce has been around the world in B89 but we never see his training , where as Nolan gives us an epic journey around the world during his 7 years abroad. And he travels in TDK and TDKR
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Shrek's costume ball- This one is pretty odvious , though what happens beyond the two of them dancing and talking is any ones guess for now
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Revealing identity to love interest: This happened quite often in the other francise , though in this case the character's loved each other since childhood. Plus its only one woman as opposed to every woman who walks in his life .
Bane- Im guessing the comparissons pretty much end there, since it doesn't seem like Tom Hardy's version has a thing for dog collars. He also sounds educated , which is a plus.
Corrupt Cops, Politicans, Mob Guys- Again, touched on in B89 but pretty much falls by the waste side in the 2nd and 3rd acts , and is never dealt with again in the series.
Batman growl- Keaton actually started the whole voice change thing in B89. Before that, the actors , in live action at least, didn't make a great effort to change the voices. However, Kevin Conroy perfected it . However, Bale's Bruce has three sides to him where as Keaton and the others only had two .
Gordon-He's actually competent in this version, and works closely with Batman to achieve a common goal . In the other series, he only called Batman when there was a supervillan the cops couldn't handle.