No. There really is no way to fit the X-Men mythos in the MCU, as it exists. You'd need to completely reboot and rewrite reality, and I don't want that to happen. Also, I kind of hate the majority of the X-tropes, as they range from sadly overdone to noxious.
One virtue to them using the Inhumans as ersatz mutants, I suppose, is that Marvel Studios will be a lot freer to adjust and adapt out the worst elements. You can have fear about 'inhumans' as a plot point while readily going "And in the end of the story, hope will clearly win out over fear". That's a lot tougher to do under the shadow of the X.