You say Batman "clearly isn't listening"? That actually isn't so clear, as Superman makes only one brief attempt to actually explain the situation before he's cut off, and he responds by silently throwing Batman around like a rag doll and punching him through walls for no reason.
Question...
After Superman makes that one brief attempt...does Batman try to talk, or does he watch, smiling, as his traps are sprung?
Does Batman make any attempt to respond to Superman's earlier appeal, or to hear him out after the traps are sprung?
In what way is it not made clear that Batman probably isn't going to respond to reason within the first few moments of the conflict?
Batman is armored for combat. He is raging. He has attacked twice. He will not stand down.
Superman is not pummelling Batman for no reason. He is trying to get Batman to stay down and stop attacking him, because it is wasting time. He says as much after he throws Batman onto the signal.
You say the whole conflict revolves around two men's failure to communicate? There's no reason for Superman to not effectively communicate in this scenario, other than "we need them to fight".
Except that he tried to communicate, and it failed.
There is nothing to reasonably suggest, when your attempt to resolve matters peacefully were met with violent reprisal, that the other person will suddenly be willing to listen to reason until they are no longer a threat.
Time is of the essence, and being a superstrong being, he thinks he can force Batman to stand down through sheer use of power. These two men also underestimate each other during the fight.
Watch the first part before Batman pulls out the kryptonite:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58KXLPE7M_s&t=135s
I have.
Superman makes an emotional appeal. Batman doesn't listen and attacks.
Superman tries to use force to get Batman to stand down, progressively using more and more power.
Superman tore through the traps like paper. As far as he knew he wasn't in any danger or fighting for his life. He could have easily made another attempt to actually explain what was going on, but he chose to further antagonize the person he needs to talk to. His mother will be dead soon, yet the film-makers chose to show this character silently beating the one guy he needs help from instead of any actual, satisfying attempt to talk to him. It's a flimsy, contrived excuse to get to the titular fight, and your explanation does not justify the execution of this concept.
I'm sorry that the stressed out, angry Superman didnt try reasoning with the heavily armored man who just attacked him with sonic device and machine guns...
Most reasons for two parties fighting aren't terribly complex, I don't find this one any less so. Emotion is a powerful thing.
I'm not sure what "equation" you are looking for, but I can promise you that one brief attempt followed by punchy punch punch does not fit within those parameters.
Yet in other cinematic showdowns, there is often not even the brief attempt to reason. Or there is a single attempt. This also occurs in real life scenarios.
But superheroes have to act like superheroes all the time, so one attempt here is not enough because...well, because.
I suspect what lies at the heart of most people's problems with this sequence is not some inherent "flaw" in how fights must be written within a screenplay, but in the fact that people feel "Superman doesn't act like this".
Again, I really hope you can recognize this as it's fairly obvious why this scene doesn't sit well with people, and it's not because of the reasons you have listed.
Yes, I recognize why it doesn't sit well, but it's also not supposed to sit well. It's meant to be a very intense, troubling sequence with both men in peril and not thinking clearly.
But pretending that this fight is somehow less "justified" within the screenplay than many other screen conflicts and scuffles? Eh, not buying it. Is it the best development to a fight ever? No. It's also not the worst.
Within the context of the film, these men are obviously wrong to fight. Batman recognizes the massive error in judgement after the fight is over. You are not supposed to like the decisions they made that led to them fighting or the fact that they fought. They are, after all, supposed to be heroes, which is the end result of the film. Their realization that they should work together, and Batman's recognition that he has gone way, way too far.