Those "new" characters have already been introduced in the pilot; and the Peruvian army is *not* the main thrust of episode 2, but that Terreract-powered artifact.
Seriously, no. The artifact is the Macguffin of the episode. The Peruvian army is the villain, the people they interact with, and the people they fight.
A Macguffin can be anything and be just as effective. That's the whole point of a Macguffin. It makes no difference to the episode if the device was of Hydra origin, Asgardian origin, Celestial origin, or Kryptonian origin. The fact that it makes no difference is why the simple namedrop doesn't have any real significance.
Seriously, the conflict is with the badguys and within the team itself. The namedrops and cameos are not the point of the episode. The main thrust of the episode is the team overcoming their own issues (a group of new characters, who have been introduced all of a week before and have no pre-existing existence) to defeat the bad guys (the Peruvian army). You could take that cookie cutter plot and drop it into any show just replacing some of the names.
That's not playing in the Marvel Universe. That's taking a lazy Macguffin and slapping a cameo on the end and saying, "Look how connected we are to the Marvel Universe. Aren't we daring!"
I'm not saying that the show is going to be cancelled or is even bad, but using the Peruvian Army as the bad guys for episode two, you know the guys they talk to and fight, isn't taking advantage of the Marvel Universe. At all. Any network spy show can do that.