misslane38
Superhero
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Yeah I just read it and it applies to Snyder's superman and I hate that take so that's that.
Fair enough. You don't have to like it. I love it, though, because not only did the ideas inherent in existential heroism develop Superman's character, but also other characters -- from Bruce, to Lois, to Lex -- and as a result, the narrative establishes a foundation of hope that is pure, strong, and rooted in truth.
Thus, in Camus' The Plague the Catholic Priest, Father Paneloux realizes one cannot "honestly" or actually love God (or life, existence) unless one accepts that this God created a world of meaningless, terrible suffering; only the terror of the plague and witnessing children dying can teach the priest the true nature of charity and love and, thus, God. Put another way, if there is a God, He or it is the God of the Holocaust -- a god that allows evil and suffering to exist. To love that God is to love that suffering -- this is the message of the Book Of Job: as Satan tells God: untested faith is no faith at all, and it's easy for a rich, happy man to love you (or existence); true faith is the love of suffering -- just as true love in a marriage or relationship is not loving the better, but the worse ("for better and for worse"). In this way Father Paneloux, like Sisyphus, rises above the meaninglessness of the plague: he embraces the entirety of creation in all its absurdity and pain.
Job was God's beloved. He was a righteous, pious, good man that God tested. Superman is similarly tested in BvS. The sentiments and difficulties he is faced with aren't a sign that there is something wrong with him, and the fact that he overcomes those difficulties and persists in his mission -- to bring hope to the world and to even die for them -- even though some still hated him and he couldn't save everyone, shows the strength of his own hope. You can't see the brilliance of a candle's light in the bright light of day; you see it best in the dark. Facing an existential threat and going through an existential journey makes it so a hero demonstrates his own hope and perseverance.Identically, in Man's Search For Meaning, Jewish Auschwitz survivor Viktor Frankl shows us that even in the most absurd, terrible, demeaning and powerless situations -- a concentration camp waiting to be condemned to death -- a man can still maintain or create his own human dignity and thus rise above his fate: "...everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms -- to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one's own way" ... "in the final analysis it becomes clear that the sort of person the prisoner became was the result on an inner decision and not the result of camp influences alone."
Applying the above to Superman in BvS, Martha tells Clark to be the world's hero or monument, or be none of it, because he doesn't owe the world a thing. She's expressing the existentialist view, presented above, that one shouldn't base their heroic behavior on a sense of obligation; it's a mindset that removes agency from the hero. Having one's motivation or inspiration rooted in honoring a father's dream or legacy, as Clark wanted to do for Jonathan and Jor-El, similarly limits Superman's heroism because those motivations are external or extrinsic rather than internal or intrinsic. Accordingly, after the Capitol bombing, when Clark looks at a world that has lost their faith in him and at a world in which his actions seem to cause more harm than good, he has to relocate his motivation. He ultimately returns to Metropolis to be Superman again and even to die for the world that had lost its faith, because he created his own meaning rather than needing the world or his parents for validation and in spite of the "nightmares" of life.Interestingly, Batman has a similar struggle. While the world isn't as publicly against him as they are about Superman, he does struggle with his lack of success as a vigilante. Essentially, Batman is placed in a situation in which he also develops a sense of powerlessness and meaninglessness. Moreover, he speaks about how his parents' murder taught him to force the world to make sense; so he was forcing the sense instead of accepting and coping with the fact that the world and life don't make sense. He also shows an interest in wanting a legacy. Like Clark, he reflects on legacy and notes that the Waynes were "hunters" before he goes off to defeat Superman. So Batman, too, has to overcome his sense of powerlessness and obligation by accepting that which he cannot control. He can't control Superman, but he doesn't have to kill him. He can control himself, so he doesn't have to become a killer.
In contrast, an "existential Hell", metaphorically speaking, is therefore a place where one is no longer free to choose one's own meaning. Existentialist failures are those who refuse to create their own meaning and instead blame others for their choices, paint themselves as "victims" of circumstance, and define themselves as others see them, rather than how they choose.
Unlike the existential heroes of our story -- Superman and Batman -- Lex is an existential failure. Although he similarly roots a lot of his motivation in his parents (his father), he does it differently in that he doesn't want to be like his father. Lex wants to be the opposite. However, because he still defining himself in relation to his father, he is limited. He isn't creating his own meaning. In addition, he blames others and defines himself as a victim. It's true that Lex was a victim of abuse, but he doesn't have to adopt an attitude of a victim and let that identity control his actions. So, by blaming God for his victimization -- and projecting that onto superheroes and metahumans -- Lex becomes an existential failure.Also, consider how Lois Lane figures into this framework. When she goes to Nairomi, she is victimized and is used to victimize others. The warlord tells her that her "ignorance" wasn't "innocence," and Lois spends the rest of the movie trying to, as she told Clark she wanted to do, "understand what happened." She doesn't allow herself to remain ignorant, and she doesn't absolve herself from guilt. Instead, she strives to create her own meaning. Lex repeats the old adage, "knowledge is power" in the film, and Lois' investigation is her way of empowering herself and others. Exposing what really happened doesn't make her any less at fault for being an unwitting pawn, but it does allow her to fight back and it allows her to enable the public to fight back by making sure they aren't ignorant to what Lex really did and who Superman really is.
In short, by following the Existential model, Snyder and Terrio portray their heroes and define heroism and hope as something that comes from within and that is less dependent on external forces like public opinion or adherence to a legacy. Both Batman and Superman are faced with moments of existential annihilation: Superman tells Batman "Bat is dead" and Superman also concludes that "Superman was never real." The truth is the versions of Batman and Superman these men each were did die and needed to, but only to be created anew with a stronger foundation. Thus, the Existential model enables the filmmakers to tell a story with the message that the capacity for hope, even in the most hopeless situations, can be found within, and that no one can take away our power, because we alone control it.
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