Isn't the difference with Dr Strange and Iron Man that with Iron Man, although he had a heart injury, he could still potentially go back to manufacturing weapons and doing what he always did, whereas with Strange, his nervedamage to his hands is so severe that he cannot possibly continue with his career? That should be pretty humbling and cause him to rethink his life and maybe even make him suicidal if he puts everything in that. I get the impression that Strange had to seek new enlightenment later on and travel to the East in the hope of making sense of his life.
I think with all of that, Strange would be less likely to remain a jerk than all of the previous characters mentioned. It is almost as if, in order to be the sorcerer supreme, he HAS to undergo a character change and learn to be humble. It's a bit like Thor where he has to be worthy to wield Mjolnir.